Trottoir Roullant - Paris - electric moving walkaway - urbanisation - great cities spring up - work shifts from land to factories - work time + leisure time. Telephone invented - more communication. Transport - railways developed. Because of railways, world time becomes standardised (universally agreed time).
Enlightenment period in 18th Century when scientific/philosophical thinking emerged - new forms of thinking.
Umbrellas - thought of as technology/modernity.
1850s Paris = New Paris. Old Paris = narrow streets, run down Housing. Haussman (architect) redesigned Paris - large Boulevards - easier to get the army in to control civil unrest, cleaner, working class move outside city centre.
Modernity shown in literature - James Joyce - wrote 'Ulysses'- and photography (cinema).
Modernism in Design:
-Form follows function
-Anti-historicism - no need to look backwards to older styles
-Truth to materials - simple geometric forms appropriate to the materials being used
-Technology
-Internationalism - language of design that could be understood on an international basis
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